The First United Building, formerly known as the Perez–Samanillo Building, has a rich history that dates to its construction in 1928. Situated in Escolta, which was once considered a financial center, the building played a significant role in the bustling commercial activities of Manila.

Initially commissioned by Luis Perez Samanillo, the building attracted prominent businesses of the time. In February 1928, the Erlanger & Galinger and Hale Shoe Company set up their operations in the building, followed by the leather goods store Riu Hermanos. As Escolta continued to thrive, Berg’s Department Store also found a home on the ground floor of the Perez–Samanillo Building in 1936. Furthermore, the building became host to diplomatic missions, with the consulates of France and Panama becoming tenants in 1933.

Unfortunately, the Perez–Samanillo Building suffered considerable damage in the aftermath of World War II. However, efforts were made to restore and repair the building, ensuring its survival. In 1951, the building underwent a change of ownership when Chinese businessman Syliangteng of the Syliangten family purchased Berg’s Department Store from its original American owner, Ernest Berg.

Around 1964, the Perez–Samanillo Building was put up for sale, ultimately catching the attention of José Cojuangco, the owner of United Bank, a tenant of the building. In 1968, José Cojuangco successfully acquired the property, and the Cojuangco family held ownership for the next 11 years. Eventually, in 1979, portions of the building were acquired by Danding Cojuangco and the Syliangteng family.

During the 1970s and 1980s, the First United Building became a hub for various film production studios. Renowned studios such as RVQ Productions, Nora Villamor (NV) Productions, GC Films, and Essex Films operated within its walls, contributing to the vibrant entertainment industry of the era. However, Berg’s Department Store, a significant landmark in Escolta, closed its doors in 1982.

In 2016, the First United Building witnessed a revival led by the Escolta Commercial Association Inc. HUB: Make Lab, an incubator for creative startups reminiscent of Chelsea Market, along with Fred’s Revolucion, an artist-run bar, and The Den Coffee & Contemporary Culture, a coffee shop and space for contemporary artists, all opened their doors within the building. These establishments breathed new life into Escolta, attracting visitors and fostering a vibrant creative community.

Unfortunately, the operations of these establishments were disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. However, as conditions improved, HUB: Make Lab and its sister tenants have since resumed operations, continuing to contribute to the revitalization of the First United Building and the surrounding Escolta area.

The First United Building stands as a testament to the historical significance of Escolta and serves as a vibrant hub for cultural, artistic, and entrepreneurial activities. With its storied past and adaptive reuse, the building continues to evolve while preserving its heritage, attracting visitors who appreciate its unique charm and the rich legacy it represents.

ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE:

The First United Building, also known as the Perez-Samanillo Building, is an iconic Art Deco structure located on Escolta Street in Binondo, Manila, Philippines. Designed by architect Andrés P. Luna, son of renowned painter Juan Luna, it was completed in 1928 and stood as the tallest building in Manila at the time.

Designed with a rectangular plan, the First United Building showcases distinctive architectural elements. The main facade features a central tower flanked by two chamfered corner towers, creating an impressive visual impact. The towers are adorned with ornamental details, including cylindrical moldings that extend to square plates and beveled arches connecting to the windows on the sixth floor. Above the arches, octagonal windows are accompanied by stout finials, adding further intricacy to the design. A pergola with protruding rafters connects the bevels, enhancing the building’s aesthetic appeal.

The central tower, which houses the main entrance, features a prominent rigid arch topped with elongated octagons surrounding a display area. The parapet on the uppermost part of the building showcases floral arrangements on urns, complemented by evenly spaced low-relief medallions. The main entrance, situated beneath the central tower, grants access to the elevator and stairwell.

Notably, the corner towers are cut at the corners, creating an open intersection and adding an element of architectural interest to the overall composition of the building.

With its striking Art Deco design and impressive height, the First United Building stands as a testament to the architectural prowess of Andrés P. Luna. Its distinct features and meticulous craftsmanship make it a prominent landmark in Manila, representing an important era in the city’s architectural heritage.